Trust in Electronic Markets, A Review and Synthesis of Theories

Electronic markets have grown substantially, and they are considered as a significant form of retail. Despite this growth, the lack of physical transactions between different parties as well as concerns about the privacy of users and the security of transactions has led to a decline in users’ trust in these platforms. This deficiency has motivated many researchers to study the concept of trust in the e-commerce environment. In this paper, we have created a comprehensive and up-to-date framework that synthesises the findings of the previous studies. To achieve this aim, we use a systematic literature review method. We searched 17 top-ranked information systems journals and conferences and reviewed the resultant pool of 127 papers. Beyond investigating the antecedents and consequences of trust in e-commerce, we reviewed the theoretical basis used in the literature. The study concludes with implications of the literature for practice and a critical agenda for future research

The effect of Islamic slaughter on food health based on Islamic texts

Objective: The issue of the philosophy of religious orders is a popular topic and the first book written in this regard is ‘Elal-o-Sharaye’ by Sheikh Sadough. The present study attempts to explain the effect religious texts have attributed to observing religious orders related to slaughter, which is referred to as ‘halal’ or healthy food in religious experts’ words. Of course, there is a relationship between being halal and food health, which is not within the scope of the present study. Materials and Methods: The method used in the present study was descriptive-analytical. Accordingly, interpretations and statements were used as sources based on the key words ‘physical health, Islamic slaughter, food health, halal, health from the perspective of Shari’a, the logic behind the divine decrees were investigated. In addition to describing the existing facts and collecting the required data based on the research questions, how and why slaughter is done in Islam and its different dimensions related to food health were explained from the perspective of Shari’a (in terms of being halal). Results: Scientific effects scientists attribute to Islamic slaughter have to do with theoretical reason. Definitely, theoretical reason cannot understand the criteria and the reasons behind religious orders independently of Shari’a in all cases, in the same was as considered by the holy Shari’a. Therefore, as long as there is no clear logic as the absolute or compelling reason for the effects of Islamic slaughter, all these issues are taken into account in the framework of the benefits of religious orders and they will not be more important than the effect attributed to Islamic slaughter in religious texts (becoming halal). Conclusion: The effect of Islamic slaughter, from the perspective of the religious expert, is certainly for the food to become halal and the meat to become healthy. Undoubtedly, the scientific effects of slaughter should be referred to as the logic behind religious decrees.   &nbsp

Preemptive Ibuprofen and Orally Administered Dexamethasone for Prevention of Pain and Swelling following Implant Surgery

Introduction: The post-operative pain and swelling are frequently observed after different surgical procedures. Orofacial pain management is a challenging topic for the dental-medical profession. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of two designed medical regimens in the context of post-operative management of pain and swelling following simple dental implant surgery. Materials and Methods: In this randomized and double-blinded controlled clinical trial, a total of 39 implants were placed in 31 patients by one clinician. Patients were divided into the test and control groups. Before surgery, each patient in the control group received 1gr of amoxicillin and 400 mgr of ibuprofen, and each one in test group received 1gr of amoxicillin, 400 mgr of ibuprofen and 0.5 mgr of dexamethasone. Antibiotic regimen, together with analgesics and anti-inflammatory treatment was provided after surgery for both groups. Pain was measured using visual analogue scale in days 1, 3 and 6 after surgery. Swelling was evaluated by a verbal scale in day 6. Also, the impact of following factors gender, age, duration of surgery, type and number of implant on pain and swelling was measured by the general linear model analysis. Results: The majority of patients in both study groups reported the pain to be mild, with peak intensity occurring at 24 hours after operation. No significant difference was observed across the groups for any given time. Also, there was no significant difference between two groups regarding their swelling profile. Conclusion: The experiments provide evidence that both of these methods are effective in pain and swelling reduction

Assessment of care offered to the healthy newborn in the natural normal vaginal delivery and the cesarean section

Background and aims: Care services to infants in the length of primary time after birth has much effect on the health and decrease of their mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to assess the care provided to the healthy newborn in the normal vaginal delivery (NVD) and the cesarean section (CS) in the hospitals affiliated with Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive study has been performed upon 282 healthy term infants (104 CS and 178 NVD cases) through direct observation and using the health care evaluation checklists. Data were analyzed using , SPSS software and t-test and Mann- Whitney tests. Results: The average of total health infant services among all of the samples was 58/3% and the percentage of agreement with standard of healthy infants care was more in NVD than CS labor (P=0.011). The emergency acts to retrieve and supporting services to feed infants with mothers’ milk in the CS group were more than NVD infants, but these infants received poor care in the area of primary procedures and assessment, and procedures to contact to mothers and infant. Also, the length of skin contact time between infants and their mothers after delivery and initiating to feed infants with mothers’ milk in the primary time in the CS group was lower than NVD infants(P=0.000). Conclusion: Assessment of care services to healthy infants in hospitals under study had average quality and its quality was even lower in CS labors than NVD labors. Therefore, it can be performed more procedures to promote quality of care services to infants by health approaches in mothers education to develop NVD and reduce active CS

Adrenal Hemorrhage in the Deceased Neonate Referred to Tehran Legal Medicine Organization

Adrenal hemorrhage during neonatal phase is more prevalent than was thought before and most of the cases are diagnosed after the autopsy. However massive hemorrhage is rare. The mozst important cause of adrenal hemorrhage is perinatal injuries, but large fetal size, maternal diabetes, congenital syphilis, anoxia, hemorrhagic diseases and immaturity are predisposing factors. Incidence rate of adrenal hemorrhage is 0.2% to 0.5% during perinatal phase. The diagnosis of the adrenal hemorrhage in this phase is rare. Our case was a four-day-old full term neonate who was born via normal vaginal delivery, with Apgar score 3. The baby was intubated immediately which was followed by seizure attacks and unfortunately death on the fourth day of life. The neonate was female with 3100 g weight. At autopsy the left kidney appeared larger than normal and the adrenal subcapsular hematoma which amounts to about 50 mL, was seen. According to previous studies delivery per vaginam, macrosomia and acidemia are some important risk factors for adrenal hemorrhage. Risk factors of the present case were normal vaginal delivery and acidemia. The neonate may present no symptom or sign during fetal or neonatal phase. So serial sonography is considered one of diagnostic methods

DFNB59 Gene Mutation Screening Using PCR-SSCP/HA Technique in Non-syndromic Genetic Hearing Loss in Bushehr Province

Background: Hearing impairment (HI) is the most prevalent Neurosensory disorder which is heterogenous and can also occur due to environmental causes. The majority of hearing deficiencies are of genetic origin affecting about 60% of the HI cases. A novel gene DFNB59 encodes pejvakin has been recently shown to cause deafness. This study aims to determine the frequency of DFNB59 gene mutations in coding region the gene in Bushehr province. Methods: In this descriptive experimental study, we investigated the presence of DFNB59

Clinical Presentation of Novel Influenza A (H1N1) in Hospitalized Children

Objective: Human pandemic influenza H1N1 virus as the cause of febrile respiratory infection ranging from self-limited to severe illness has spread globally during 2009. Signs and symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract involvement, fever, sore throat, rhinitis, myalgia, malaise, headache, chills and fatigue are common. In this article we report the clinical presentation of Influenza A (H1N1) in our hospitalized children. Methods: Between September and October 2009, all children requiring hospitalization for suspected H1N1 infection were transferred to Pediatric Infectious Diseases ward. For all patients the throat swab was taken for PCR testing to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of H1N1 Influenza A. Case patients consisted of H1N1-positive patients. Age, sex, symptoms, signs, laboratory data, CXR changes, details of therapy, duration of admission and patient outcome were documented. Findings: Twenty patients were H1N1 positive. Mean age of the patients was 65.50±9.8 months. Fever and coughs were with 55% the most commonly reported symptoms. Other presentations included vomiting (55%), abdominal pain (25%), cyanosis and dyspnea (5%), body ache (40%), rhinorrhea (80%), sore throat (35%), head stiffness (5%) and loss of conciousness (5%). The median temperature of the patients was 38.5°C. Chest X-Ray changes were noted in 13 out of 20 patients (65%). Mean leukocyte and platelet was 6475 and 169000 respectively. Seventeen (85%) patients were treated with Oseltamivir, 3 patients received adjuvant antibiotics. The mean duration of admission was 3 days. Three patients required intensive care support and all of them expired due to superinfection. Conclusion: Our data confirm that the presentation of influenza in children is variable and 2009 H1N1 influenza may cause leucopenia and thrombocytopenia

Effect of Self-Care Education on the Illness Perception in Patients With Hemodialysis: A Randomized Control Trial

Introduction: The results of studies have shown that inadequate awareness and self-care of patients with chronic renal failure, leads to an incorrect illness perception in these patients. Considering the importance of this issue, this study aimed to investigate the effect of self-care education in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: This was a simple randomized clinical trial. The statistical society of the study consisted of 120 patients undergoing hemodialysis in dialysis department of Bu-Ali Sinai Hospital in Qazvin from December 2016 to February 2017. The samples were assigned randomly to two groups of control (routine care) and intervention (illness perception intervention). Both groups completed the demographic information questionnaire, illness perception questionnaire before the intervention. The intervention group received self-care education based on illness perception in the patient’s bedside and before initiation of dialysis in 3 sessions of 30 minutes. A training booklet was also given at the second session of the patient’s delivery, which was provided by the researcher and under the supervision of the professors. Four weeks later, the questionnaire of illness perception was completed by both groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical tools in SPSS 20. Results: The results of this study showed that there was not a significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic information, except for the duration of dialysis (P<0.014). The ANOVA test results showed a significant difference in terms of patient’s illness perception between the intervention and control group (F(1, 112)=13.88, P<0.001). Conclusion: Self-care educational intervention based on illness perception increased the perception of the disease in hemodialysis patients